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Place à la relève en recherche - bilan de la première journée scientifique du comité étudiant du RQSPAL

ALLARD, Emilie ; AVOINE-BLONDIN, Josianne ; LAPERLE, Philippe ; LESSARD, Sabrina ; ROBERGE, Martin ; PEPIN, Elisabeth ; TARDIF, François
LES CAHIERS FRANCOPHONES DE SOINS PALLIATIFS, Publications Michel Sarrazin, 2019, vol.19, n°1, p. 76-81

Thème : Recherche - Evaluation - Méthodologie. Cote : 00.07CAH

CANADA ; RECHERCHE ; ETUDIANT ; CONGRES

Cet article se veut une occasion de parler de la relève en recherche en soins palliatifs et de fin de vie (SPFV). Il décrit la première journée scientifique étudiante organisée par le comité étudiant du Réseau québécois de recherche en soins palliatifs et de fin de vie (RQSPAL), qui a eu lieu le 15 mars dernier à Québec. Nous vous présentons d'abord notre comité et son mandat. Cela permettra de décrire les motivations entourant la création et l'organisation de cette première journée scientifique étudiante. Nous brosserons ensuite un portrait des différentes activités planifiées au cours de cette journée et des champs d'intérêts portés par la relève. Une réflexion amorcée lors de cette journée scientifique et poursuivie par le comité étudiant sur certians thèmes abordés lors d'une table ronde avec des experts en SPFV sera également partagée. Finalement, nous concluerons en vous présentant le bilan de cette première journée scientifique du comité étudiant et en vous lançant une invitation.

A cross-sectional study among healthcare and non-healthcare students in Slovenia and Croatia about do-not resuscitate decision-making

PUC, Jure ; OBADIC, Petra ; ERCULJ, Vanja ; BOROVECKI, Ana ; GROSEK, Stefan
Zdravstveno Varstvo, 09/2019, vol.58, n°3, p. 139-147

Document en ligne

Thème : Soins. Cote : eD02.03

TESTAMENT VIE ; PRISE DECISION ; SLOVENIE ; CROATIE ; ETUDIANT

Objective: To survey university students on their views concerning the respect for autonomy of patients and the best interest of patients in relation to the withholding of resuscitation.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey among university students of medicine, nursing, philosophy, law and theology of the first and the final study years at the University of Ljubljana and the University of Zagreb was conducted during the academic year of 2016/2017. A questionnaire constructed by Janiver et al. presenting clinical case vignettes was used.
Results: The survey response rates for students in Ljubljana and Zagreb were 45.4% (512 students) and 37.9% (812 students), respectively. The results of our research show statistically significant differences in do-not resuscitate decisions in different cases between medical and non-medical students in both countries. Male and religious students in both countries have lower odds of respecting relatives' wishes for the withholding of resuscitation (odds ratio 0.49-0.54; 95% confidence interval). All students agreed that they would first resuscitate children if they had to prioritize among patients.
Conclusions: Our study clearly shows that gender, religious beliefs, and type of study are important factors associated with the decisions pertaining to the respect for autonomy, patient's best interest, and initiation or withholding of resuscitation.

Origine : PubMed

Paramedic student confidence, concerns, learning and experience with resuscitation decision-making and patient death - a pilot survey

ANDERSON, Natalie Elizabeth ; SLARK, Julia ; FAASSE, Kate ; GOTT, Merryn
Australasian emergency care, 10/07/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Soins.

PERSONNEL PARAMEDICAL ; REANIMATION ; ETUDIANT ; CONFIANCE ; NOUVELLE-ZELANDE

BACKGROUND: Around the world, many paramedics are authorised to withhold or terminate resuscitation. Research indicates this can be a challenging part of their role. Little is known about graduating paramedic student confidence, concerns and learning in this area.
METHODS: An online cross-sectional survey of students nearing completion of a paramedic degree in New Zealand, including piloting of a newly-developed confidence scale.
RESULTS: Seventy-two participants reported varying exposure to termination of resuscitation and patient death. Participants felt most confident providing technical procedurally-based care and least confident with non-technical skills. Participants' greatest concerns included making 'the right call', supporting grieving family, controlling emotions and encountering conflict. Clinical exposure with supportive mentoring, clinical simulation, peer reflection and resolved personal experience with death, were considered most useful for professional development.
CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to termination of resuscitation and management of the scene of a patient death is variable amongst graduating paramedics. Novice paramedics may benefit from opportunities to observe and rehearse non-technical skills including delivering death notification and communicating with bystanders and bereaved family. The Confidence with Resuscitation Decision-Making and Patient Death Scale has favourable psychometric properties and utility as an outcome measure for future research in this area.

Origine : PubMed

Enhancing medical learners' knowledge of, comfort and confidence in holding serious illness conversations

TAM, Vivian ; YOU, John J. ; BERNACKI, Rachelle
The American journal of hospice and palliative care, 21/07/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation.

CONNAISSANCE ; ETUDIANT ; MEDECINE ; MALADIE GRAVE ; COMMUNICATION ; CONFIANCE ; FORMATION

OBJECTIVES: Having early discussions with seriously ill patients about their priorities and values can improve their peace of mind and family outcomes during bereavement; however, physicians and medical students report feeling underprepared to hold serious illness conversations. We evaluated the impact of the Serious Illness Care Program clinician training workshop on medical learners' knowledge of comfort and confidence in holding such conversations.
METHODS: Eligible learners were penultimate- or final-year medical students or first-year residents of generalist programs (Family Medicine, Internal Medicine). Learners participated in a 2.5-hour workshop involving reflection on serious illness discussions, didactic teaching and demonstration of the Serious Illness Conversation Guide (SICG), role play with standardized patients, direct observation, and feedback from experts. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention questionnaires with Likert-type scale and open-ended questions, which were analyzed using paired t tests and qualitative content analysis, respectively.
RESULTS: We enrolled 25 learners. The intervention was associated with an increase in knowledge (P < .001) and self-efficacy (P < .001). All learners reported gaining new skills, with a majority specifically identifying a framework for structuring serious illness conversations in the qualitative analysis (n = 14, 56%). Participants stated the workshops would improve their comfort in holding serious illness conversations (n = 24, 96%), and that it would be valuable to integrate the workshops into their formal curricula (n = 23, 92%).
CONCLUSIONS: Training on the use of the SICG is novel for medical students and first-year residents and associated with the improvement in their knowledge of and perceived capacity to hold serious illness conversations. This study suggests that the integration of SICG training into medical curricula may have educational value.

Origine : PubMed

Teaching palliative care to health professional students - a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

DONNE, Jack ; ODROWAZ, Thomas ; PIKE, Sarah ; YOUL, Bonnie ; LO, Kristin
The American journal of hospice and palliative care, 15/07/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation.

META-ANALYSE ; ESSAI CONTROLE RANDOMISE ; DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; ETUDIANT ; FORMATION INITIALE

BACKGROUND: End-of-life care is challenging on health professionals' mental and emotional state. Palliative care education can support health professional students' transition, helping them to cope with the challenges of working in this complex setting. Students feel that they need more preparation in this area.
PURPOSE: To collate the relevant information regarding how to teach health professional students about palliative care.
METHOD: The full holdings of Medline, PsycINFO, EBM Reviews, Cinahl Plus, ERIC, and EMBASE via Elsevier were searched until April 7, 2019. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials of group interventions that aimed to increase health professional students' knowledge, skills, or attitudes in palliative care. Studies were appraised using the PEDro scale. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis.
RESULTS: The results favored the intervention and were statistically significant for knowledge and attitudes but not for skills. A 2-hour seminar accompanied by readings seems sufficient to improve both knowledge and attitudes. Quality assessment scores ranged from 1/10 to 7/10 (mean 5, standard deviation 1.73). When studies at high risk of bias were excluded, then only knowledge improved significantly. Key areas where rigor was lacking were in concealing the randomization, omitting intention-to-treat analysis and not blinding of participants, therapists, or assessors.
CONCLUSIONS: Palliative care education is effective in improving health professional students' knowledge and attitudes toward palliative care. More research is required into skill development. This review highlights the need for more high-quality trials in both the short and long-term to determine the most effective mode of palliative care education.

Origine : PubMed

La martingale : référentiel de fiches médicales pour l'ECNi - cardiologie-pneumologie, ophtalmologie, ORL-CMF, rhumatologie-orthopédie, endocrinologie-diabétologie-nutrition, hépato-gastro-entérologie, maladies infectieuses, soins palliatifs, pédiatrie n°1

CHARON, Anne
Ellipses , 07/2019 , 792 p.

Thème : Formation.

REFERENTIEL ; DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; FORMATION ; FICHE ; MEDECINE ; ETUDIANT

Cet ouvrage réunit l'intégrallité du programme, les recommandations et les cours officiels, des données de la banque nationle d'entraînement Sides ainsi que les informations indispensables à connaître pour se préparer aux ECNi (Epreuves Classantes Nationales informatisées).

Palliative care and communication training in neurosurgery residency - results of a trainee survey

MIRANDA, Stephen P. ; SCHAEFER, Kristen G. ; VATES, G. Edward ; GORMLEY, William B. ; BUSS, Mary K.
Journal of Surgical Education, 22/06/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation.

DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; COMMUNICATION ; FORMATION ; ENQUETE ; NEUROCHIRURGIE ; MEDECIN ; ETUDIANT ; CONNAISSANCE ; MEDECINE

Objective: Neurosurgeons care for critically ill patients near the end of life, yet little is known about how well their training prepares them for this role. We surveyed a random sample of neurosurgery residents to describe the quantity and quality of teaching activities related to serious illness communication and palliative care, and resident attitudes and perceived preparedness to care for seriously ill patients.
Methods: A previously validated survey instrument was adapted to reflect required communication and palliative care competencies in the 2015 the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones for Neurological Surgery. The survey was reviewed for content validity by independent faculty neurosurgeons, piloted with graduating neurosurgical residents, and distributed online in August 2016 to neurosurgery residents in the United States using the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS)/Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) Joint Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care email listserv. Multiple choice and Likert scale responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Sixty-two responses were recorded between August 2016 and October 2016. Most respondents reported no explicit teaching on: explaining risks and benefits of intubation and ventilation (69%), formulating prognoses in neurocritical care (60%), or leading family meetings (69%). Compared to performing craniotomies, respondents had less frequent practice leading discussions about withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (61% vs. 90%, p < 0.01, "weekly or more frequently"), and were less often observed (18% vs. 87%, p < 0.01) and given feedback on their performance (11% vs. 58%, p < 0.01). Nearly all respondents (95%) felt "prepared to discuss withdrawing life-sustaining treatments," however half (48%) reported they "would benefit from more communication training during residency." Most (87%) reported moral distress, agreeing that they "participated in operations and worried whether surgery aligned with patient goals."
Conclusions: Residents in our sample reported limited formal training, and relatively less observation and feedback, on required ACGME competencies in palliative care and communication. Most reported preparedness in this domain, but many were receptive to more training. Better quality and more consistent palliative care education in neurosurgery residency could improve competency and help ensure that neurosurgical care aligns with patient goals.

Origine : PubMed

A brief home-based palliative care learning experience for medical students and resident doctors in Okinawa, Japan

NAGANO, Hiroaki ; OBARA, Haruo ; TAKAYAMA, Yoshihiro
Plos one, 2019, vol.14, n°6, p. 1-11

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation. Cote : eD14.01

FORMATION ; METHODE PEDAGOGIQUE ; ETUDIANT ; MEDECIN ; JAPON ; SOIN DOMICILE

BACKGROUND: The clinical component of medical education for students and resident doctors in Japan occurs almost entirely in the hospital setting. Because of this inpatient focus, graduate medical education clinical training often fails to expose physicians-in-training to the challenges that patients may face in the outpatient or home setting. This is a descriptive study in which we explore what participating students and resident doctors learned through our brief home-based teaching experience.
METHODS: From June 2016 to December 2017, attending physicians on the internal medicine service had medical students and resident doctors accompany them on home care visits. Participants were selected by convenience sampling based on their rotation availability. After the home visit and the interactive discussion, the participants were expected to prepare a reflective journal on their experience and learning. Thematic analysis was applied, and key themes were developed based on Kolb's ELT (Experiential learning theory). Three months after completion of the experience, semi-structured interviews were individually conducted assessing participants' self-perceived changes.
RESULTS: Thirty-two medical students(10) or residents(22)participated in a home visit. Thirty of these learners were able to complete a reflective journal. Using thematic analysis, we identified 2 domains and 6 key themes from the participants' perceptions. Participants recognized the importance of patient-centered care, inter-professional collaboration of the home care team, and reconceptualized the meaning of medical practice and their professional identity as a doctor. Three month post-experience interviews were completed on 12 of the original 30 participants who completed the reflective journal. 2 domains and 6 key themes from the residents' experiences and perceptions were generated. The participants reported an increased attention to the daily lives and social situations of their hospitalized patients, and an extension of their focus beyond the clinical medical treatment of the patient.
CONCLUSION: The experience of a brief visit to a patient's home is a novel educational approach that may potentially provide medical students and resident doctors with opportunities to learn about out-of-hospital, patient-centered, home-based medical care.

Origine : PubMed

Grief reactions and coping strategies of trainee doctors working in paediatric intensive care

FFRENCH-O'CARROLL, Robert ; FEELEY, Tara ; CROWE, Suzanne ; DOHERTY, Eva M.
British journal of anaesthesia, 07/2019, vol.123, n°1, p. 74-80

Document en ligne

Thème : Psychologie, psychanalyse.

CHAGRIN ; DEUIL ; PERCEPTION MORT ; ENQUETE ; QUESTIONNAIRE ; PERSONNEL SANTE ; MEDECIN ; ETUDIANT ; ETUDE LONGITUDINALE ; COPING ; IRLANDE ; SOIN INTENSIF ; PEDIATRIE ; STRESS

Background: The death of a child can have significant emotional effects on doctors responsible for their care. Trainee doctors working in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may be particularly vulnerable. The aim of this study was to examine the emotional impact of, and grief reactions to, a child's death in PICU trainee doctors, along with coping strategies they used.
Methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, qualitative and quantitative data were recorded on anonymised, written questionnaires. Grief severity was assessed using the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief. Emotional impact was assessed using the shortened Impact of Event Scale. The BriefCOPE tool was used to assess coping strategies. Qualitative data was analysed using conventional content analysis. Data are presented as median (inter-quartile range) or number (%).
Results: All invited trainee doctors (23 anaesthetists; 5 paediatricians) completed the questionnaire (age, 30 [29-34] yr; 13/28 [46%] female). Two (7%) doctors experienced severe grief (Texas Revised Inventory of Grief score <39), with five (18%) doctors severely affected by the deaths as measured by the Impact of Event Scale. Qualitative analysis revealed prominent themes of sadness, helplessness, guilt, shock, and concern for the bereaved family. There was limited use of coping strategies. Speaking with another trainee doctor was the principal coping strategy. Requests for debriefing sessions, greater psychological support and follow-up with the patient's family were frequently suggested.
Conclusions: Paediatric deaths evoke significant grief and emotional reactions in a subset of PICU trainee doctors. Trainee PICU doctors highlighted a lack of professional support and tailored debriefs.

Origine : PubMed

A simulated approach to fostering competency in end-of-life care among pharmacy students

EGELUND, Eric F. ; GANNON, Jane ; MOTYCKA, Carol ; SMITH, W. Thomas ; KRAEMER, Dale F. ; SOLOMON, Kathleen H.
American journal of pharmaceutical education, 05/2019, vol.83, n°4, 9 p.

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation. Cote : eD14.01

DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; FIN VIE ; FORMATION ; ETUDIANT ; PHARMACIEN ; ETATS-UNIS

Objective: To determine if pharmacy students participating in simulation-based scenarios reported fewer learning needs about the transition from acute to end-of-life (EOL) care compared to students participating in solely case-based scenario delivery.
Methods: Four end-of-life cases were developed for both paper-based case study and simulation delivery. Pharmacy students on three distant campuses were exposed to the case study approach while four teams of nine to ten pharmacy students were exposed to simulated versions of the same cases. A validated questionnaire was administered before and after exposure to assess end-of-life care learning needs. Results were analyzed following a Bonferroni-adjustment for multiple testing.
Results: The case study groups produced similar pre/post changes on the questionnaire. After results were pooled and compared to the simulation only group, significantly higher changes in pre/post scores were found for the simulation group.
Conclusion: Pharmacy students exposed to simulated EOL scenarios experienced significantly reduced learning needs following the scenarios, unlike their classroom-based counterparts.

Origine : PubMed

A new competency-based instrument to assess resident knowledge and self-efficacy in primary palliative care

MOYER, Kristen M. ; MORRISON, Laura J. ; ENCANDELA, John ; KENNEDY, Catherine ; ELLMAN, Matthew S.
The American journal of hospice and palliative care, 18/06/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Recherche - Evaluation - Méthodologie.

DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; EVALUATION ; OUTIL ; CONNAISSANCE ; ETUDIANT ; MEDECINE

CONTEXT: There is a need to improve both primary palliative care (PPC) education and its assessment in graduate medical education (GME). We developed an instrument based on published palliative care (PC) competencies to assess resident competency and educational interventions.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the development and psychometric properties of a novel, competency-based instrument to measure resident knowledge and self-efficacy in PPC.
METHODS: We created a 2-part instrument comprised of a knowledge test (KT) and a self-efficacy inventory (SEI) addressing 18 consensus, core PC resident competencies across 5 domains: pain and symptom management; communication; psychosocial, spiritual, and cultural aspects of care; terminal care and bereavement; and PC principles and practice. The instrument was distributed to 341 internal medicine residents during academic years 2015 to 2016 and 2016 to 2017. A standard item analysis was performed on the KT. Internal consistency (Cronbach a) and variable relationships (factor analysis) were measured for the SEI.
RESULTS: One hundred forty-four residents completed the survey (42% response). For 15 KT items, difficulty ranged from 0.17 to 0.98, with 7 items ranging 0.20 to 0.80 (typical optimum difficulty); discrimination ranged from 0.03 to 0.60 with 10 items =0.27 (good to very good discrimination). Cronbach a was 0.954 for 35 SEI items. Factor analysis of combined 2015 to 2016 items yielded 4 factors explaining the majority of variance for the entire set of variables.
CONCLUSION: Our instrument demonstrates promising psychometric properties and reliability in probing the constructs of PC and can be further utilized in PC GME research to assess learners and evaluate PPC educational interventions.

Origine : PubMed

Immersion en soins palliatifs, une expérience formatrice

MARIN, Emmeline ; FAROTA-ROMEJKO, Idriss
REVUE DE L'INFIRMIERE, 05/2019, vol.68, n°251, p. 40-41

Thème : Formation.

STAGE ; SOIN INFIRMIER ; ETUDIANT ; DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE

Les stages sont des temps forts dans le parcours de professionnalisation des étudiants en soins infirmiers. Ils constituent des moments d’apprentissage privilégiés dans le prolongement des enseignements théoriques. En fin de formation, le stage de projet professionnel de huit semaines au minimum permet une immersion forte. Témoignage d’une étudiante en pleine découverte de la culture palliative.

Transforming students’ attitudes and anxieties toward death and loss - the role of prior death experiences

WALLACE, Cara L. ; COHEN, Harriet L. ; JENKINS, David A.
OMEGA JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING, 01/05/2019, vol.79, n°1, p. 52-71

Document en ligne

Thème : Soins. Cote : 00.07OME

ATTITUDE ; ETUDIANT ; ANXIETE ; MORT ; PERTE ; REPRESENTATION MORT

This study examines the impact of a death and dying course on 39 undergraduate students’ attitudes and anxieties about death. Authors outline key aspects of the curriculum used in the course and discuss how the approach lends itself to a transformative learning experience related to death and loss, preparing students who will face clients with a variety of needs in these areas across practice settings. The majority of students (n = 34) experienced a decrease in death avoidance, fear of death, and overall death anxiety. Students with a history of multiple violent, traumatic, or unexpected deaths (n = 5) did not experience any significant changes but demonstrated increased scores of death anxiety suggesting that they may be in need of greater support while engaging in death education.

Origine : SAGE Journals

Attitudes toward euthanasia among Turkish university students

ULAS KARAAHMETOGLU, Gulsen ; KUTAHYALIOGLU, Nesibe Sumeyye
OMEGA JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING, 01/06/2019, vol.79, n°2, p. 174-190

Document en ligne

Thème : Soins. Cote : 00.07OME

ATTITUDE ; EUTHANASIE ; TURQUIE ; ETUDIANT ; PERCEPTION

This study aims to examine perceptions and attitudes toward euthanasia among university students who are pursuing bachelor’s degrees. Although the legalization and application of euthanasia are discussed commonly by health-care professionals and partially by lawyers, the ideas of other segments of society, especially university students, are taken place very rarely. The research was conducted descriptively to determine the ideas of 1,170 students at Kastamonu University from six different departments: arts and sciences, theology, tourism, nursing, school of physical education, and sports with using a questionnaire. Findings demonstrated that 73.2% of the students do not approve euthanasia. Also, it was found that there are significant differences depending on age, gender, department of study, income level, place of living, and the loss of kinsmen. This study serves as a resource for future research to understand the effects of sociodemographic characteristics on the decision of euthanasia.

Origine : SAGE Journals

Attitudes and knowledge of undergraduate nursing students about palliative care - an analysis of influencing factors

JIANG, Qingjuan ; LU, Yunhong ; YING, Yanping ; ZHAO, Huihan
Nurse education today, 28/05/2019, vol.80, p. 15-21

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation.

CONNAISSANCE ; FORMATION ; ETUDIANT ; SOIN INFIRMIER ; FIN VIE ; ATTITUDE

Background: With the growing aging population, continual increase of the number of the old, and increase of cancer survival rate, palliative care is being considered a global public health issue. As a core force for the sustainable development of the nursing field, undergraduate nursing students' knowledge about and attitudes toward palliative care will directly affect the quality of care for dying patients in the future.
Objective: To investigate undergraduate nursing students' knowledge about and attitudes toward palliative care and analyze their influencing factors.
Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2016. A total of 1200 Chinese undergraduate nursing students were randomly selected as the survey subjects using stratified sampling method. The revised palliative care quiz for nursing (PCQN) and a self-designed questionnaire were used to measure students' knowledge and attitudes.
Results: The mean score of the revised PCQN was 16.10 ± 5.04. Only a few respondents (19.8%) expressed desire to work in palliative care in the future. The findings show that knowledge and school, grade, gender, birthplace, and religious beliefs have statistically significant impacts (P < 0.01). In addition, logistic regression analysis showed that talking about death and caring for dying family members can have a significant influence on students' attitudes (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: At present, Chinese undergraduate nursing students' knowledge about palliative care is minimal with the majority holding negative attitudes. Thus, the development of an effective end-of-life care program for nursing students is critical.

Origine : PubMed

End-of-life care content in postgraduate critical care nursing programs - structured telephone interviews to evaluate content-informing practice

RANSE, Kristen ; DELANEY, Lori ; RANSE, Jamie ; COYER, Fiona ; YATES, Patsy
Australian critical care, 07/06/2019, Pagination inconnue

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation.

FIN VIE ; PROGRAMME ENSEIGNEMENT ; ROLE ; INFIRMIERE ; ETUDIANT ; CARE ; FORMATION PROFESSIONNELLE ; FORMATION INITIALE ; AUSTRALIE ; ETUDE LONGITUDINALE

BACKGROUND: The provision of end-of-life care remains a significant component of work for clinicians in critical care settings. Critical care nurses report that this area of practice receives limited attention in education and training.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to identify and describe the end-of-life care content in postgraduate critical care nursing programs in Australia.
METHODS: Using a descriptive exploratory research design, an Internet search was undertaken in August 2015, identifying 17 education providers offering postgraduate critical care nursing programs. Thirteen individuals agreed to participate in a structured telephone interview regarding end-of-life content in their postgraduate program. Descriptive statistics were calculated to summarise the data obtained.
RESULTS: Twelve participants reported that end-of-life care content was explicitly addressed in their postgraduate critical care nursing programs, yet variation in actual content areas covered was evident. The majority of programs addressed content related to organ donation (92%) and legal and ethical issues (77%). However, content least commonly identified as covered pertained to the work of the nurse in providing direct clinical care to the patient at the end of life and his or her family, including the physical changes experienced by the dying patient (31%), respiratory management encompassing withdrawal of ventilation and symptom management (23%), emotional support of family (23%), care of the body after death (23%), and the process of withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (15%). Participants (92%) agreed that end-of-life content was important in postgraduate critical care nursing programs, with 77% of participants agreeing that more time should be allocated to end-of-life content.
CONCLUSIONS: This study provides preliminary evidence of the variation in end-of-life content in postgraduate critical care nursing programs in Australia. Addressing gaps in end-of-life care content in formal education, including clinical care of the dying patient, is urgently needed to address the complexity of this phase of care that is so frequently provided in critical care units.

Origine : PubMed

Pediatric end-of-life simulation - preparing the future nurse to care for the needs of the child and family

COLE, Michelle A. ; FOITO, Kimberly
Journal of pediatric nursing, 02/2019, vol.44, p. e9-e12

Document en ligne

Thème : Formation. Cote : eD14

PEDIATRIE ; FIN VIE ; ETUDIANT ; FORMATION INITIALE ; ACCOMPAGNEMENT ; FAMILLE ; INFIRMIERE

PURPOSE: Preparing a future nurse to respond to the complex and sensitive needs of a child and family during the end-of-life requires more than didactic content in a classroom. During clinical experiences, students may care for children diagnosed with a terminal illness however; it is less likely that a student will have a clinical opportunity to care for a child and their family at the end-of-life. Without having an experience, it is challenging to teach students how to care for the dying child and family including how to appreciate the emotions, thoughts, and expectations when faced with a pediatric death (Lindsay, 2010).
DESIGN AND METHODS: The instructional model integrates an end-of-life simulation into an undergraduate pediatric nursing course allowing students to practice caring for a child and their family while developing an understanding of the unique needs of a dying pediatric patient.
RESULTS: Post simulation, students participating in guided reflection, identified several themes impacting their experience with end-of-life care, including symptom management, emotional care and "what to say".
CONCLUSIONS: The structured simulated experience provided knowledge, skill and awareness to the role of the nurse when providing care at the end-of-life.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses' behaviors and responses when caring for a child can have a significant impact on the family's experience and memory of their child's death. Unintended actions may result in the family experiencing negative impressions, causing further distress to the grieving family (Butler, Hall, Willetts, & Copnell, 2015).

Origine : PubMed

Preparing future doctors for palliative care - views of course organisers

WALKER, Steven ; GIBBINS, Jane ; PAES, Paul ; BARCLAY, Stephen ; ADAMS, Astrid ; CHANDRATILAKE, Madawa ; GISHEN, Faye ; LODGE, Philip ; WEE, Bee
BMJ supportive and palliative care, 09/2018, vol.8, n°3, p. 299-306

Document en ligne

Thème : Soins.

MEDECIN ; ETUDIANT ; COMMUNICATION ; PHASE TERMINALE ; ROYAUME UNI ; UNITE SOINS PALLIATIFS ; FORMATION ; PRISE EN CHARGE ; PATIENT ; UNIVERSITE ; QUESTIONNAIRE

BACKGROUND: Effective training at medical school is essential to prepare new doctors to safely manage patients with palliative care (PC) and end of life care (EOLC) needs. The contribution of undergraduate PC course organisers is central but their collective views regarding role are unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To survey attitudes of PC course organisers regarding their course, organisation, the adequacy of training provided and level of personal satisfaction.
METHODS: An anonymised, multifactorial, web-based questionnaire was devised, tested, modified and then sent to lead PC course organisers at all UK medical schools.
RESULTS: Data were obtained from all 30 UK medical schools. Organisers agreed/strongly agreed (=agreed) that their PC course was highly rated by students (26, 87%). 25 (83%) agreed their course 'enabled misconceptions and fears about PC, death, dying and bereavement to be addressed', 'delivered quality PC training' (23, 77%), 'fulfilled General Medical Council requirements' (19, 63%), 'prepared students well to care for patients with PC/EOLC needs' (18, 60%) and 'enabled students to visit a hospice and see the role of doctors in caring for the dying' (17, 57%). Concerns were limited capacity to accommodate students (agreed 20, 66%) and variability in teaching according to location (15, 50%). Most agreed their institution recognised PC training as important (22, 73%), they felt supported by colleagues (21, 70%) and experienced cooperation between stakeholders (20, 67%). All agreed that PC training was essential for undergraduates, while 29 (97%) supported inclusion of a hospice visit in the curriculum. 27 agreed that their role was satisfying (90%), 3 disagreed (10%).
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two-thirds of organisers were generally positive about their PC course, institution and role. A minority expressed concerns; these may reflect suboptimal PC training at their medical school and poor preparation of new doctors.

Origine : PubMed

Palliative care in medical practice - medical students' expectations

DIVER, Ruth ; QUINCE, Thelma ; BARCLAY, Stephen ; BENSON, John ; BRIMICOMBE, James ; WOOD, Diana ; THIEMANN, Pia
BMJ supportive and palliative care, 09/2018, vol.8, n°3, p. 285-288

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Thème : Soins.

MOTIVATION ; MEDECIN ; ETUDIANT ; FORMATION ; ROYAUME UNI ; QUESTIONNAIRE

OBJECTIVES: During their careers, all doctors will be involved in the care of the dying, and this is likely to increase with current demographic trends. Future doctors need to be well-prepared for this. Little is known about medical students' expectations about providing palliative care. Our aim was to investigate how satisfying students expect palliative care to be, and any attitudes towards palliative care associated with a negative expectation.
METHODS: Fifteen UK medical schools participated in the study, with 1898 first and final year students completing an online questionnaire which investigated how satisfying they expect providing palliative care to be and their attitudes towards palliative care.
RESULTS: At both the beginning and end of their training, a significant proportion of students expect palliative care to be less satisfying than other care (19.3% first year, 16% final year). Students expecting palliative care to be less satisfying were more likely to be men, and their attitudes suggest that while they understand the importance of providing palliative care they are concerned about the potential impact of this kind of work on them personally.
CONCLUSIONS: Medical student education needs to address why palliative care is important and how to deliver it effectively, and the strategies for dealing positively with the impact of this work on future clinicians.

Origine : PubMed

Palliative care - knowledge and attitude among Saudi residents, 2016

AL-DREES, Ola ; ALHUBAIL, Maryam ; ELZUBAIR, Ahmed Gasim
JOURNAL OF PALLIATIVE MEDICINE, 03/06/2019, p. 1-9

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Thème : Soins. Cote : e00.07JOU

DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ; CONNAISSANCE ; ATTITUDE ; MEDECIN ; ARABIE SAOUDITE ; ETUDIANT

Introduction: Palliative care is a medical specialty, which focuses on relieving the suffering and improving the quality of life for patients who are facing life-threatening illnesses and their families. Looking after dying patients is inseparable from our responsibility as physicians. However, dealing with the dying patients is challenging for the majority of physicians.
Aim: To document the knowledge and attitudes of palliative care among residents from major specialties, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire to a convenient sample of residents from major specialties from various training centers in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, during 2015-2016. A total of 433 residents have been participated in the study.
Results: About 46% of the residents showed lack of overall palliative care knowledge, and almost half of them had negative views toward palliative care. Almost 60% of them achieved good score in pain management. The majority of respondents had never received training in palliative medicine (91.7%). It was observed that higher training level has a positive effect on the overall knowledge, including basic concept, pain, and psychiatric symptoms' management. Also, previous exposure to patients who would benefit from palliative care has a direct effect on overall knowledge and attitude scores.
Conclusion: The results indicate a low level of knowledge and attitude regarding palliative medicine among sampled residents. Also, it highlights the importance of exposing the residents to palliative medicine field to improve their knowledge and attitude.

Origine : PubMed

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ATTITUDE CONNAISSANCE DEMARCHE PALLIATIVE ETATS-UNIS ETUDIANT EVALUATION FIN VIE FORMATION FORMATION INITIALE MEDECIN MEDECINE MORT PEDAGOGIE QUESTIONNAIRE SOIN INFIRMIER

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